G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D, or GPRC5D, has come up as a protein being considered for the development of therapeutic interventions in cancer
“Currently Only 1 Drug Is Commercially Approved In Market & More Than 15 Drugs Are In Clinical Trials”
G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D, or GPRC5D, has come up as a protein being considered for the development of therapeutic interventions in cancer, especially for multiple myeloma treatment. Due to its limited expression in normal tissues, this receptor—which is mostly expressed on plasma cells and some cancer cells—offers a new target for therapy, potentially minimizing off-target consequences. GPRC5D has been implicated in the pathology of multiple myeloma, a malignancy marked by the development of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. When compared to normal plasma cells, the expression of the receptor is markedly elevated in multiple myeloma cells. Because of this differential expression, GPRC5D is a desirable target for therapeutics meant to kill cancer cells only while leaving healthy cells unharmed.
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Studies have indicated that GPRC5D plays a role in the survival and multiplication of tumor cells. Its potential as a therapeutic target is highlighted by its involvement in intracellular signaling pathways that support the growth and survival of cancer cells. Furthermore, research has demonstrated that target GPRC5D can obstruct these pathways, resulting in decreased tumor burden and death of cancer cells.
Talvey (Talquetamab) is the first approved therapy that targets GPRC5D. This bispecific T cell engager binds to CD3 on T cells and GPRC5D on multiple myeloma cells at the same time. By recruiting and activating T cells, this dual binding guides them toward the cancer cells for precise destruction. In August 2023, Talvey received approval in both the US and the EU.
Despite its recent approval, Talvey’s sales in 2023 were relatively modest, reported to be less than US$ 20 Million. However, the market potential for GPRC5D targeting therapies in multiple myeloma is substantial. It is predicted that Talvey’s sales could peak at around US$ 5 Billion, and the cumulative sales for GPRC5D targeting therapies is expected to surpass US$ 8 billion by the end of the decade.
Several factors are believed to contribute to these surging sales. Multiple myeloma remains an incurable disease with high relapse rates. Novel treatments that offer new mechanisms of action, such as Talvey or GPRC5D targeting therapies, are therefore critical for patients who have exhausted other treatment option. Moreover, the potential for combining Talvey with other therapies to enhance efficacy and overcome resistance mechanisms could drive further adoption.
In conclusion, GPRC5D is a major breakthrough in targeted cancer treatment. Talvey, the pioneering GPRC5D targeting bispecific antibody, has demonstrated potential in clinical trials and is expected to experience significant market expansion. GPRC5D targeted medicines are anticipated to become a mainstay of multiple myeloma treatment as the market develops and more clinical data becomes available, providing hope to patients with this challenging disease.